Data Integrity
How we find, evaluate and structure data on Hong Kong and Asia tokenized real-world assets — and what we commit to not doing.
Every entry in the RWA Radar database originates from a publicly accessible primary source. We do not accept submissions from issuers, synthesise information from secondary press coverage, or infer data points that are not explicitly stated in an authoritative document. This discipline is not bureaucratic caution — it is the only way to build a reference that practitioners can actually cite.
Our sourcing falls into four categories. The first is government announcements: official press releases, gazette notices and tender documents published by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (hkma.gov.hk), the Hong Kong Government Bond Programme (hkgb.gov.hk), and the broader Hong Kong Special Administrative Region government portal (info.gov.hk). These documents define the authorised terms of each issuance and carry legal weight.
The second category is regulatory filings and public disclosures — SFC product authorisation notices, HKMA circular publications, and any exchange-filing equivalent where tokenized securities are listed on a recognised venue. These materials are produced under statutory obligation and represent the most precisely worded characterisation of an asset's legal structure.
Third, we draw on issuer and platform announcements: prospectuses, offering memoranda, investor relations pages and press releases from licensed issuers such as Franklin Templeton, ChinaAMC, HSBC, and others operating under Hong Kong's regulatory perimeter. Where an issuer publishes supplementary detail — for example, daily NAV methodology or blockchain settlement confirmation — we include that as a linked supplementary source rather than merging it into core fields.
Fourth, we reference international standards bodies — primarily ICMA (International Capital Market Association) green bond principles, and ISO 24165 (DTI) for digital token identifiers — to contextualise issuances within established global frameworks. ISIN and ISIN-equivalent identifiers are always sourced from the issuing authority or its designated numbering agency; we do not fabricate or extrapolate them.
When a field cannot be confirmed from any of these four source categories, we display a dash (—) rather than a best-guess figure. An honest gap is more useful to a researcher than a confident error.
Raw information about tokenized assets is scattered across PDF prospectuses, HTML press releases, regulatory circular annexes, and blockchain explorer records. Each issuer uses slightly different terminology: one calls it a "digital bond", another a "tokenized note", a third a "blockchain-settled security". Without a common schema, comparison across issuances is impossible — and comparison is precisely the point.
For each asset in the database, we populate a unified set of fields: Issuer (legal entity name), Asset Type (digital_bond / tokenized_fund / other), Size (face value of the issuance in the denominated currency), Currencies (one or more: HKD, USD, EUR, RMB), Coupon (fixed rate or fund distribution frequency), Maturity (date or tenor), Settlement Rail (the blockchain or DLT network on which settlement occurs, e.g. Everex, HSBC Orion, CMU digital), Platform (the issuance or distribution platform if distinct from the settlement rail), ISIN (if issued and publicly disclosed), Status (announced / active / matured / redeemed), Timeline (key dates: announcement, pricing, settlement, maturity), and Sources (one or more URLs to primary documents, with access date recorded).
This schema is intentionally narrow. We resist the temptation to add fields we cannot reliably source — secondary market pricing, credit ratings, or counterparty exposure — because partial population of speculative fields would undermine the credibility of the fields we do populate well. A database that says "unknown" clearly is more useful than one that says everything confidently.
The schema is stored in a normalised Supabase Postgres table, which means each field has a defined type and validation constraint. Asset Type is an enum; Size is stored as a numeric with a separate currency code column; Dates are ISO 8601. This structure enables programmatic comparison, filtering by currency or status, and eventual API export — without requiring consumers to parse free-text descriptions.
The sourcing pipeline is designed to run on a daily cadence. A GitHub Actions workflow triggers each morning, re-checking known source URLs for changes, scanning government press release feeds for new issuances, and flagging any documents that have been updated since the previous run. Material changes — a new issuance announcement, a status change from active to matured, a corrected figure — are reviewed before being written to the database.
On the rendering side, asset pages use Next.js Incremental Static Regeneration (ISR). Pages are statically generated at build time and then periodically revalidated in the background as data changes. This means a returning visitor will always see a recent version of the page, and search engines indexing the site receive authoritative, cacheable HTML — not client-rendered markup that bots may not execute.
The combination of a daily pipeline and ISR-based delivery gives us the best of both disciplines: the speed and SEO fidelity of static pages, and the recency guarantee of a live database. Where an issuance is time-sensitive — for example, a green bond approaching maturity — the page will reflect the current status promptly.
We note that "daily intent" does not mean guaranteed real-time accuracy. Pipeline runs can be delayed by upstream source unavailability, and human review adds deliberate latency for significant changes. Users requiring real-time data should always consult the primary issuer or regulatory source directly.
Clarity about what a resource is not can be as important as what it is. RWA Radar is an informational database, not an advisory service, brokerage, or data vendor. The following activities fall explicitly outside our scope.
We do not offer investment advice. Nothing on this site constitutes a recommendation to buy, hold, or sell any security, token, or financial instrument. Asset Cards describe what an issuance is, not whether it represents a suitable investment for any particular investor. Readers who require investment advice should engage a licensed financial adviser.
We do not provide price feeds or secondary market data. RWA Radar tracks primary issuance terms — face value, coupon, maturity. We do not connect to trading venues, display bid/ask spreads, or attempt to show secondary market valuations. Many tokenized assets in our database have limited or no secondary market liquidity, and displaying a stale or inferred "price" would be more misleading than useful.
We do not republish unverified information. Market rumours, industry newsletter speculation, and unattributed social media claims are not sources. If we cannot trace a data point to an authoritative document, it does not appear on this site. This sometimes means our coverage of an announced issuance lags the first press reports — because we wait for the primary document.
We do not fabricate or estimate uncertain values. Large language models are capable of producing plausible-looking financial figures. We use LLM tools only for document parsing and field extraction from confirmed source documents — never to infer or generate data that is not explicitly present in those documents. Fields we cannot confirm read as "—", not as a model's best guess.
We do not resell or redistribute proprietary data. Where a source document is paywalled or restricted to accredited investors, we note that such a document exists and cite its provenance, but we do not reproduce its content. All data we display is sourced from materials that were publicly available at the time of retrieval.
We source rigorously, and we encourage others to cite us — with appropriate attribution. If you use RWA Radar data in a research report, presentation, article, or product, please include the specific Asset Card URL and the date you accessed it. Data about tokenized assets can change — a bond matures, a fund's AUM grows, a status updates — so recording the access date ensures your citation is reproducible and can be verified against the page's historical state.
A suggested citation format for academic or institutional use:
RWA Radar. "{Asset Name}." RWA Radar Asset Database. Retrieved [Date] from https://rwaradar.org/assets/[slug].
We ask that any citation includes a hyperlink back to the source page wherever the medium allows. Deep links to individual Asset Cards are preferred over links to the homepage, because they direct readers directly to the underlying sourced data rather than to a general index.
Our data is made available on a "best-effort, verify before relying" basis. We make no warranty of accuracy, completeness or timeliness. Before publishing or acting on data drawn from this site, we encourage users to cross-check against the primary sources linked on each Asset Card. Those primary links — to government portals, SFC filings, issuer prospectuses — are the authoritative record; RWA Radar is a structured index to help you find them faster.
If you identify an error in our data, please write to hi@rwaradar.org with the Asset Card URL, the field in question, and the primary source that supports the correction. We will review and update promptly.
The information published on RWA Radar has been compiled from publicly available sources for research and informational purposes only. It is provided without any representation or warranty of accuracy, completeness, or timeliness. Data may contain errors, may be out of date at the time of reading, or may reflect only a partial view of an asset's terms and conditions.
Nothing on this website constitutes investment advice, financial advice, legal advice, tax advice, or any other form of professional advice. RWA Radar is not a licensed financial intermediary, broker, dealer, or investment adviser in Hong Kong, Singapore, or any other jurisdiction. The publication of an Asset Card does not constitute an endorsement, recommendation, or evaluation of any issuer, platform, or financial instrument.
Tokenized real-world assets are an emerging asset class subject to evolving regulatory treatment across jurisdictions. Regulatory frameworks in Hong Kong and Singapore are subject to change, and changes in law or regulation may materially affect the value, legality, or transferability of assets described on this site. Investors should seek independent legal and regulatory advice before investing in or transacting any tokenized asset.
Past issuance terms, coupon rates, or asset structures described here are historical record and do not predict or guarantee future performance. All investments in securities and related financial instruments carry risk, including the risk of total loss of principal. Tokenized assets may have limited liquidity, may be restricted to professional or institutional investors, and may involve technical risks including smart contract vulnerabilities and settlement infrastructure failure.
Users of this website are solely responsible for their own investment and business decisions. RWA Radar, its operators, contributors and affiliates accept no liability for any loss or damage arising from reliance on information published on this site. Do your own due diligence. Verify all data against primary sources before relying on it for any commercial or investment purpose.
Questions about our methodology or corrections to existing data? Write to hi@rwaradar.org. For product background, see About RWA Radar.